Control Statements

 

The CASE construct  is a replcement for the computed GOTO, but is better structured and does not require the use of statement labels:

      SELECT CASE (number)       ! NUMBER of type integer
      CASE (:-1)                 ! all values below 0
         n_sign = -1
      CASE (0)                   ! only 0
         n_sign = 0
      CASE (1:)                  ! all values above 0
         n_sign = 1
      END SELECT

Each CASE selector list may contain a list and/or range of integers, character or logical constants, whose values may not overlap within or between selectors:

      CASE (1, 2, 7, 10:17, 23)

A default is available:

      CASE DEFAULT

There is only one evaluation, and only one match.

A simplified but sufficient form of the DO construct  is illustrated by

   outer: DO
   inner:    DO i = j, k, l      ! only integers
                :
                IF (...) CYCLE
                :
                IF (...) EXIT outer
             END DO inner
          END DO outer

where we note that loops may be named so that the EXIT and CYCLE statements may specify which loop is meant.

Many, but not all, simple loops can be replaced by array expressions and assignments, or by new intrinsic functions. For instance

          tot = 0.
          DO i = m, n
             tot = tot + a(i)
          END DO

becomes simply

          tot = SUM( a(m:n) )